Disease Type Information
Endometriomas (Chocolate Cysts)
Endometriomas are cysts filled with old blood that forms when endometrial tissue grows on the ovaries. They are called 'chocolate cysts' because of their dark, thick, tar-like appearance. These are associated with endometriosis.
Symptoms
⚠️Severe pelvic pain, especially during periods
⚠️Painful intercourse (dyspareunia)
⚠️Painful bowel movements or urination during periods
⚠️Heavy or irregular menstrual bleeding
⚠️Infertility or difficulty conceiving
⚠️Chronic pelvic pain
⚠️Fatigue
Causes & Risk Factors
🔍Endometriosis (endometrial tissue outside uterus)
🔍Retrograde menstruation
🔍Hormonal factors (estrogen)
🔍Immune system disorders
🔍Genetic predisposition
🔍Previous pelvic surgery
Diagnosis Methods
✓Pelvic ultrasound showing 'ground glass' appearance
✓Transvaginal ultrasound
✓MRI for detailed assessment
✓CA-125 blood test (may be elevated)
✓Laparoscopy for definitive diagnosis
✓Biopsy during surgery
Treatment Options
💊Pain medications (NSAIDs)
💊Hormonal therapy (birth control pills, GnRH agonists)
💊Laparoscopic cystectomy (surgical removal)
💊Drainage and ablation
💊Fertility preservation considerations
💊Treatment of underlying endometriosis
💊Regular monitoring for recurrence
Need Expert Consultation?
Get professional diagnosis and treatment from Kathmandu's most experienced specialists