Understanding Abnormal Uterine Bleeding: Causes and Treatment

Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is one of the most common reasons women visit a gynecologist. It refers to bleeding that is irregular in timing, duration, or volume compared to a normal menstrual period.

What Is Normal vs. Abnormal Bleeding?

A normal menstrual cycle occurs every 21-35 days, with bleeding lasting 4-7 days and total blood loss of 30-80 ml. Anything outside this range may be considered abnormal.

Common Causes

Hormonal Imbalance: The most common cause, especially in adolescents and perimenopausal women. Irregular ovulation leads to unpredictable bleeding.

Uterine Fibroids: Non-cancerous growths in the uterus that can cause heavy, prolonged bleeding and pain.

Endometrial Polyps: Small growths on the uterine lining that can cause spotting or heavy bleeding.

Adenomyosis: Endometrial tissue growing into the uterine muscle, causing heavy, painful periods.

Endometrial Hyperplasia: Thickening of the uterine lining, which can be a precursor to cancer.

Bleeding Disorders: Conditions affecting blood clotting can cause heavy menstrual bleeding.

Diagnosis

Evaluation typically includes medical history, physical exam, blood tests, ultrasound, and sometimes endometrial biopsy or hysteroscopy.

Treatment Options

Medications: Hormonal contraceptives, NSAIDs, tranexamic acid, or progestins can help regulate bleeding.

Minimally Invasive Procedures: Endometrial ablation, hysteroscopic polypectomy or myomectomy.

Surgery: Hysterectomy for severe cases when other treatments fail.

If you experience abnormal bleeding, consult a gynecologist for proper evaluation. At SilentCare Solutions, Dr. Rashmi Bastakoti offers comprehensive diagnosis and treatment for all types of abnormal uterine bleeding.